When
August 10-14, 2026
Daily from 5:00 to 6:30 p.m. (90 minutes).
HLV-DP Workshop @ ESSLLI 2026
A workshop on variation, disagreement, and perspectivist annotation in discourse and pragmatics, held during the European Summer School in Logic, Language and Information (ESSLLI) 2026 in Prague.
When
August 10-14, 2026
Daily from 5:00 to 6:30 p.m. (90 minutes).
Where
CTU Dejvice, Prague
Faculty of Civil Engineering. Workshop room: C206.
Workshop concluded
Thank you for joining us
We thank all speakers and participants.
Invited Speaker
We are pleased to announce Dr. Merel Scholman (Utrecht University) as our invited speaker.
From annotation reliability to interpretive diversity: Rethinking ground truth in discourse research
Abstract
Human disagreement in annotation has traditionally been viewed as a challenge to overcome: a consequence of unclear annotation schemes, insufficient training, or imperfect data. In discourse research, however, variation in annotation has long raised a deeper question: to what extent does disagreement reflect limitations of our methods, and to what extent does it reveal something fundamental about the nature of discourse interpretation?
In this talk, I will trace the shift from seeking annotation reliability towards recognising interpretive diversity in discourse research. Drawing on a decade of work on the annotation and interpretation of explicit and implicit discourse relations, I will discuss how variation emerges, how annotation design shapes the patterns we observe, and why collapsing multiple interpretations into a single gold label can obscure important properties of discourse meaning. I will argue that human label variation should not only be viewed as a challenge for annotation and modelling, but also as an opportunity to develop richer accounts of how language users construct meaning.
Program
All sessions take place from 5:00 to 6:30 p.m. (17:00-18:30). The names below identify the scheduled presenters rather than the complete author lists.
Monday
August 10
Opening session
Massimo Poesio and Manfred Stede
Utrecht University
From annotation reliability to interpretive diversity: Rethinking ground truth in discourse research
Ruhr University Bochum
Variability in Annotations of Questions under Discussion
Tuesday
August 11
Charles University (Prague)
Disagreement in Corpus Annotation and Variation in Human Understanding of Text
University of Konstanz
Multilevel Human Label Variation in Spanish Appraisal Annotation: A Case Study on YouTube Comments
Wednesday
August 12
University of Cologne
Plural Pronouns Under Uncertainty: A Multi-Method Investigation of Underspecification and Resolution
Utrecht University
Personal Interpretations as Pragmatic Label Variation: Perspectivist Grounding Annotation and (V)LLM Evaluation
Thursday
August 13
Charles University (Prague)
Analysing IAA for implicit discourse relations in PDT-C 2.0
Utrecht University
Disagreement in Implicit Discourse Relation Recognition
Friday
August 14
University of Potsdam / University of Mannheim
Human Label Variation in Ideological Coherence Judgements of Political Speech
University of Potsdam
What Counts as a Discourse Unit? Towards Drawing the Boundary between Annotation Error and Human Label Variation
Closing session
Massimo Poesio and Manfred Stede
Long talks include 30 minutes for the presentation and 10 minutes for questions. Short talks include 15 minutes for the presentation and 10 minutes for questions.
About
Over the past 20 years, the NLP community has given steadily-increasing attention to the idea of regarding human annotation disagreement not as a nuisance but as a potential asset that can be exploited for understanding the respective task better. In practice, this means that multiple annotations are not just adjudicated or averaged (and the individual annotations then thrown away) but taken as a spectrum that constitutes a "complex ground truth", for instance in the form of probability distributions over labels attached to items.
While some of the pioneering work on appreciating human label variation (HLV) came from research in discourse tasks such as anaphoric reference and discourse structure, the great majority of the recent work in the HLV community has concentrated on tasks in which variation arises from subjective differences, such as humour or offensive language detection, whereas the study of variation in pragmatics and discourse has seen relatively little progress. This is on the one hand surprising - pragmatics and discourse are highly prone to interesting variation in human judgement - but may well be an effect of the relative complexity of the annotation tasks, which make treatments of HLV difficult.
In this workshop, we aim to bring together experts on HLV and on discourse phenomena, and to identify ways forward. We welcome contributions on the topics listed below (the list is not meant to be exhaustive).
Scope
Contributions do not need to be limited to discourse or pragmatics narrowly understood. We are also interested in broader work on variation that can inform research on discourse-level and pragmatic phenomena.
Submissions
Submissions are now closed. Notifications of acceptance have been sent, and we thank everyone who submitted an abstract. We look forward to the accepted contributions and the discussions at the workshop.
We primarily aim to promote participation and active discussion, and no proceedings will be published. Therefore, workshop submissions are not limited to unpublished work.
The call invited proposals for long (30 min. + discussion), short (15 min. + discussion), and poster presentations.
Subject to discussion at the end of the workshop, we envisage the possibility of a follow-up publication in the form of a journal special issue (with a new call for papers and reviewing process).
Schedule
Abstract submission deadline
April 24, 2026
Notification of acceptance
May 8, 2026
Workshop dates
August 10-14, 2026
The workshop meets in the final ESSLLI time slot each day, from 5:00 to 6:30 p.m.
Contact
Utrecht University and Queen Mary University of London
m.poesio@uu.nlUniversity of Potsdam
stede@uni-potsdam.de